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7. Field Examples

Field example 1 Closed tank of cold water, 100 m3 (supply 4 deg. C, return 11 deg. C, with 100-ppm dissolved oxygen) Amount of ME-Bio used: 10 L (3,400 g is put in a bag, which is immersed in the tank)

Problem: Improper operation of solenoid valve due to scale and slime disturbances. Results: All values were improved. ME-Bio loaded on May 4, 1999. Water sampled 10 days later (May 14) Water quality changes (from May 4 before ME-Bio loading, through May 14 after ME-Bio loading) Electric conductivity, 429 -> 454 s/cm; pH, 7.8 -> 7.7; chromaticity, 60 -> 3; turbidity, 40 -> 2, appearance, slight brownish -> clear and colorless; iron, 2.79 -> 0.17 mg/L (same unit of measure for the following content values); COD, 3.7 -> 1.5; nitrate nitrogen, 7.18 -> 5.10; chlorine ion, 37.2 -> 33.1; total alkalinity, 84.3 -> 74.0; total hardness, 171 -> 170.7; calcium hardness, 104 -> 109, silica 24 -> 24. Characteristics of this field are: (1) ME-Bio is adequately acting even at 4 deg. C; (2) water was not discharged for 10 days -- as ME-Bio ate organic matter and some inorganic matter, the cold water that tasted of sweat alcohol improved to a drinkable water level; (3) iron - as described below.

Field example 2 Open water tank, 2,500 m3 (used for both boiler raw water and compressor cooling water, 6 m in water depth, water changed every 2 - 3 days). Amount of ME-Bio used: 35 L (11,900 g is put in four bags, which were immersed in the tank)

Problems: To decrease iron, silica, and electric conductivity, reduce boiler compound consumption, and decompose/prevent scale in the compressor, with the aim of reduction in maintenance cost. Results: Values were found favorable. ME-Bio loaded on May 22, 2000. Water sampled a month later (June 22) Water quality changes (from May 22 before ME-Bio loading, through June 22 after ME-Bio loading) Electric conductivity, 86 -> 41 s/cm; pH, 6.7 -> 7.0; iron, below 0.05 -> below 0.05 (same unit of measure for the following content values); nitrate nitrogen 0.08 -> 0.31; chlorine ion 3.8 -> 3.5; total alkalinity 27.3 -> 17.6; total hardness 18.4 -> 11.2; calcium hardness 11.3 -> 8.7; silica 48 -> 17. The characteristic of this field is: (1) electric conductivity and silica values were reduced by half. If this water treatment system is installed on general cooling-water lines with tens of tons of holding water quantity, electric conductivity and silica values will not decrease. The values of metal ions vary with electric conductivity up to their saturation points, except for iron. Hard scale is decomposed, and corrosion/rust prevention effects are exhibited, resulting in energy saving. And with ME-Bio, alga and Legionella disappear, resulting in clean water. Large-scale fields such as exemplified above clarify the performance and substance of ME-Bio and electron-wave water treatment unit. In field examples 1 and 2, electron-wave water treatment units were set up and pun into operation about six months before ME-Bio was loaded. With electron-wave water treatment units alone, electric conductivity only decreases within the error range. However, once ME-Bio is loaded, electric conductivity of water dropped by more than half where as much as 2,500 m3 of water is replaced every 2 to 3 days. Since then, ME-Bio is replenished every six months. At this field, employees of the factory is inspection water quality every day.

Consideration

(1) Slime in water consists of any impurities. Its size ranges from soluble, colloidal matter (1 to 1000 nm) at the smallest end, to suspensions (smaller than 2 mm), flocks (agglomerates of smaller matter), and visible crumbles, which are 100,000 times larger than the smallest.

(2) Most slime particles bear a negative charge of electricity across their surfaces, and the cell wall of microbes also is mostly negatively charged. On the other hand, all metal elements are cations having a positive charge, so they adsorb to the surfaces of slime particles. These metal elements act as a medium to bind to microbes and slime particles. Metal atoms are 10 millionths of a millimeter in diameter, whereas slime particles are larger by a factor of ten to some millions. Metal atoms are like minute grains adsorbed on a large ball.

(3) Iron value = Soluble iron (ferrous iron) + Other compound (complex group of molecules having ion atoms). In actuality, it is like a cluster of grapes where slime particles jumble up. As ME-Bio decomposes slime, metal atoms are freed, and the ferrous ions activated by electron waves congeal and flocculate with other metal ions until they settle down on the bottom of the tank six meters deep. Because the tank is open type, the precipitating dirt (e.g., inorganic matter as feces of ME-Bio) is much smaller in quantity as compared to the dust carried in by the wind. ME-Bio tends to dwell on the tank bottom, so the need of yearly tank cleaning was eliminated.

(4) Reductions in electric conductivity are observed in deep water tanks, such as a dam in a factory. On general cooling water lines, where water tanks are shallow and water is stirred, electric conductivity varies with condensation.